The following Table 1 summarizes the standard deviation (σ), mean (μ), and coefficient of variation (CV) based on the GWP-total (kg CO2 eq) of the EPDs imported for modules A1-A3 and module D.

May 6, 2025 · Module D is supplementary to the information provided about the product’s life cycle and reports the “Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary”. Defining a system boundary is one of …

Aug 11, 2025 · Module D adds that missing chapter, turning future reuse and recycling potential into hard-number benefits right on the EPD front page. Here is why skipping it can cost you …

For structural steel, Module D analysis includes the potential to recover and reuse members or components, reconfigure building layouts, or recycle steel into new products.

While Modules A, B, and C sit inside the product system boundary tracking impacts that definitely occur, Module D sits outside that boundary, capturing potential benefits from recycling, reuse, or energy …

Module D was introduced in the EN15804+A2 2019 update to cover the net benefits and loads arising from the reuse of products or the recycling or recovery of energy from waste materials resulting from …

This guide is intended to provide guidance to all those concerned with the application of Annex II Module D (for simplicity referred to as Module D) of MID and NAWID. It provides guidance for manufacturers, …

Sep 14, 2019 · As part of the upcoming amendment of the EN 15804 a formula was developed to facilitate the calculation of module D. This paper provides a critical discussion on the practical use of …

Considering these two issues in the LCA modelling is essential for ensuring that Module D maintains its consistency and credibility to the overall life cycle assessment.

The application for Module D (Annex VIII) will be evaluated with the application of the manufacturer.