The human brain is a product of evolution. Many psychotherapies and medications focus on adjusting the activity of brain networks that evolved long ago and helped early Homo sapiens survive and ...

Bottom-up processing is an explanation for perceptions that start with an incoming stimulus and work upward until a representation of the object is formed in our minds. In simpler terms, bottom-up ...

At the heart of bottom-up nanotechnology lies a process driven by thermodynamics and kinetics, rather than the deterministic approaches characteristic of top-down methods. This fundamental difference ...