Four muscles attach to the surface of the eye and work together to move the eyeball in a vertical (upward) direction. Two of those muscles, the superior and inferior rectus, move the eye up and down ...

Alphabet patterns like A or V, first described by Urist, [1] are known to occur in association with esotropia or exotropia in the primary position. Less commonly, a significant deviation (exotropia) ...

A CT of the orbit with coronal sections demonstrated a fracture of the orbital floor extending to the orbital apex with entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle (Figure 2). A hypotropia is typically ...