Only influenza A viruses infect nonhuman hosts, and a reassortment of ... Moreover, because at least 16 different hemagglutinin subtypes and nine different neuraminidase subtypes have been ...

determine the antigenic properties of influenza virus strains. In 1958, a new strain of influenza A with different HA and NA was identified and antigenic shift was discovered; the need for a ...

There have been dozens of confirmed human cases of bird flu in the U.S. this year. Experts discuss the symptoms, risks and ...

If the influenza virus infecting cattle workers starts a pandemic, help in the form of a vaccine is months away ...

Seasonal influenza ... virus into the cell, where it can then replicate. Like human flu viruses, many flu viruses that infect ...

In the new study, researchers at the NIAID used a virus-like particle vaccine cocktail that expressed a handful of different subtypes of a key surface protein of the influenza virus: hemagglutinin ...

Although travel restrictions and social measures during the COVID-19 pandemic led to a dramatic global drop in seasonal influenza cases, certain influenza lineages in specific regions kept the virus ...

Moreover, influenza viruses exhibit high mutation rates and manifest in multiple subtypes, necessitating different clinical intervention strategies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ...