The definition of a database. It defines the structure and content in each data element within the structure. Schemas are often designed with visual modeling tools that automatically create the SQL ...
Good software habits apply to databases too. Trust in these little design tips to build a useful, rot-resistant database schema. It is a universal truth that everything in software eventually rots.
The grain of a fact table is derived by the dimensions with which the fact is associated. For example, should a fact have associations with a Day dimension, a Location dimension, a Customer dimension, ...